i Bibi- Geli mi godi te kinav ćenǎ laćhe, lole, modèrno, te lośavel i bori ! Jekh bori si amen, i angluni si oj !
i Tamàra- Pućh e kakos, te phrales, ma te kinen on laqe. Nane śukar o sastro aj lesqi phen jekh te kinen...
i Bibi- Ćaćipen si tut, de man o telefòno te pućhav me phrales, te na keras jekh gàfa. Aj tu, so anes?
i Tamàra- Me ? Ah, sine man baxt: dikhlǒm and-o cird manuśes, so sine les duj bare gone, pherde khosne. Anel sas len te bikinel k-o pazàri. Phendǒm lesqe te sikavel len manqe aj pućhlǒm kobor mol jekh kotor. Si man godi te kinav, phendǒm, a but love nanaj man...
i Bibi- ¿Ta ov?
i Tamàra- Va, phendǎs, dikh len, le len k-o vast aj azba len te xaćares so kovle isi – phendǎs... Aj ćaćes thule sine but aj kovle kovlorre, sar ćhavrri, but laćhe. Aj save ranga: plàźa, kham, derǎv, ćirikle, paparùge, dilisajlǒm kana dikhlǒm len, te merav.
i Bibi- Aj kobor del sas len ov ?
i Tamàra- Śov rupune jekh, laćhi timin...
i Bibi- Kuć mori ! Kaj si amen odobor love ?!
T- Na, odobor si i ahor, ʒanav, na xoxavel sas o gaʒo. Manuś ćaćo, na ćor... Sa kamel te kinel amari bibi, a na kamel te pokinel... śukar i buti, ama ... rromani !
i Bibi- Aj tu, so kerdǎn ?
i Tamàra- Manglǒm śov, a sine man sadaj 30 rupune, telavdǎs o gaʒo aj agore lilǒm o śov.
i Bibi- Sar na lilǎn buteder ?!
Today's topic 1 >>
Personal pronoun in Rromani In the preceding padmadǎ, we got acquainted with the various persons of the personal pronoun, which we may tabulate as follows:
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
1-to
|
me
|
amen
|
|
2-to
|
tu
|
tumen
|
|
3-to
|
ov, oj
|
on
|
So far for the A-ćham; but they have also each a B-ćham, as follows:
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
1-to
|
man
|
amen
|
|
2-to
|
tut
|
tumen
|
|
3-to
|
les, la
|
len
|
Today's topic 2 >>
The expression of possession
Rromani has a verb meaning to have, to possess therel but it is used only with the full meaning of posession theren jekh baro kher they possess a large house, they are the owners of a large house.
A more common structure to express possession is to use the copula in the third person (present [i]si it is, past sine it was) + the pronoun corresponding to the persons who "has" or "had"; this pronoun is then in B-ćham (connected accidence).
Click here and you will see the occurences of this structure in the text >>As a result, we may tabulate as follows the forms expressing I have, you have etc...
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
1-to
|
[i]si man
|
si amen
|
|
2-to
|
si tut
|
si tumen
|
|
3-to
|
si les, si la
|
si len
|
The use of isi versus si is a matter of clause rhythm and also of emphasis.
As you can see in the text, one uses sine instead of si in order to turn to the past.
To express the negative, one uses nanaj (or short nane) instead of [i]si: nanaj man gad I have no shirt, nane tut godi you have no mind (brain).
More >>
Note that the negative forms of the copula in the present tense are:
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
1-to
|
na sinom
|
na sinam
|
|
2-to
|
na sinan
|
na sinen
|
|
3-to
|
nane
|
Forms with initial i (na isinom, na isinan etc.) are very seldom.
There is slight difference between nanaj there is no[t]a and nane s/he is not but this shade is neglected in colloquial speech.
