i Tamàra- ¿Manges kompìra?
i Bibi- Te avile e ćhavrre amença, śaj vàzden jekh gono kompìra, 10 kìle. Thaj nakhas k-o gavutno te las thud, khil thaj kiral. Si jekh nevo, sarsavo drom anel but laćho kiral.
i Tamàra- ¿E avera kherutne, sar o lon, o gulǎrno, e morǎ si tut?
i Bibi- Va, lon si man, palem laćhes si te las jekh gonorro. Agordisavol sig o lon. Gulǎrno si. Morǎ amen ni xas but, laćhes si kerade maseça, sadeça – ama ni xas but. Amen o mas xas les peko ja rrojaça, zumi, na kirado sado.
i Tamàra- Zet?
i Bibi- E salataqe, va. Aćhile trin śtar rroja an-i tuśni, musaj te kinas, zetujenqo zet.
i Tamàra- Vov si o ćaćo zet, e zetenqo thagar...
i Bibi- Va, sumnakuno zet si... Palem laćhes si vi e kolzaqo.
i Tamàra- A o mas?
i Bibi- O mas, sa akala muja, si te las guruvano – jekh baro kotor, te pekav an-o bov – duj trin droma te xas. Las vi jekh aver khajni te ovel amen rezèrva. Ko ʒanel ko śaj avel? Laćhes te arakhas goja jale te pekas kompirença.
i Tamàra- Va, thaj me andem tumenqe śuke goja thuvǎrde, so kerel amaro paśatuno k-i Bìstrica. Si vi jekh kotor ćamb thaj thulevas e kakosqe, ʒanav so plaćal lesqe – si upre an-o gono.
i Bibi- Dikh, avel o brśënd, av te kidas e gada te na kingǒn thaj prastas te kinas...
i Tamàra- Pùrro, śaxa, morxoja, spanàki, brokolǎ ¿na les?
i Bibi- E spanàki si but kuć akana: les duj kìle a iklǒl tuqe burral jekh muśtek xaben. Ama uśti ćhe, uśti te kidas e gada. Le i tamles zèleno balaj, e plastikaqi. Me kidav so śaj an-akaja bradǐ....
Today's topic >>
Click here to highlight a series of nouns denoting things (including a hen, probably gutted, thus also an object) >>These things UNDERGO the action expressed by the verb: lav jekh lil, kerav i lìsta, andem sira etc... Whereas in such a fonction nouns denoting humans and other mammals are in the B-ćham, note that nouns denoting things are all in the A-ćham, just as if they were subject of the clause. In addition, all nouns after prepositions (such as kathar- from, k- at, p- on, pal- after and all others) are also in the A-ćham. The whole situation may be summarized as follows:
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Function
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Humans & mammals
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Things & ideas
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Doing the action (subject)
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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After preposition
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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Undergoing the action (object)
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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Linked to a postposition
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B-ćham
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B-ćham
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or from another perspective:
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Humans and mammals
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Things and ideas
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direct construction
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subject
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object
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subject
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object
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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indirect construction
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after prep.
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with post.
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after prep.
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with post.
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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The same situation exists in North Indian languages.
Accordingly, the B-ćham of things and ideas occur ONLY linked to postpositions and NEVER by themselves. When such a form is quoted teaching or linguistic purpose, it is followed by a tilde indicating this limitation; thus the B-ćham of amal is quoted as amales, but the B-ćham of lil will be liles~ (in dictionaries also).
As far a non-mammals are concerned (from ants to birds), they are treated variously depending on the local vernacular: either like superior animals, either like things – we have the same kind of variation exist in North Indian languages, fluctuating between the East and the West.
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The expression of quantity is put as a rule in Rromani in the A-ćham:
jekh gono phabaja, duj taxtaja paj, jekh kotor lil, trin śere śax.
