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Superdial. O mutaciaça

5-to padmad video

e dej- Na, na has manuś k-o vudar, xoxaven man morre kana… Phen manqe akanak, so hi něvo othe ?
e Tamàra- Khanći, miśto-j sakofèlo, Mama. Akanak ʒas k-o piàci te kinas. E lala uravel pes taj ròdel e ćhaven. Taj tu ?
e dej- Miśto hom, beśav. Rodian e Marika ? So phenel voj ?
e Tamàra- Va, sar te na. Gilǒm othe kaj kerel butǐ nùma na has lǐ othe. Pinʒardǒm jekhe Rromes, so hi vudarno. But korèkto manuś hi.
e dej- Pućhlǎn les pal-e Marìka ?
e Tamàra- Va, pućhlǒm les, vov phendǎs so aděs na avel k-e butǐ, and-e śkòla hi lǐ. Beślǎm, te phenav, panʒ minùti na maj but taj vorbindǎm cèra. Pućhlǎs man kathar avav, cko hom me… sar phuro sosqo hi...
e dej- Pinʒardǎs tut vov, ka rromani ćhej han ?
e Tamàra- Na, me dikhlǒm, ke śaj te ovel Rrom, taj pućhlǒm les rromanes andar-e patǐv.
e dej- Beśle taj vorbinde rromanes. So phende o gaʒe ? Śunde tumen ? Dikhle tumen ?
e Tamàra- Dikhle, śunde, ta so ? Seres e provèrba: "Kana Rroma maladǒn taj den dùma rromanes, hi sar te xalaven penqo muj."
e dej- Sar te na, me phendǒm tuqe butivar. Adi dùma śundǒm la dǔrmut... ¿nùma aděs...?
e Tamàra- Aděs sar iʒ, kana des dùma anda tire dejaqi ćhib, hi jekh tatipo, jekh paśipo... Halo ! Halo ! ¿Śunes man? Ah, halo... ????? ćhindilǎs e lìnia...

Today's topic 1 >>

verb > A-class > present > singular
click and you will see all simple past singular of verbs:

in yellow first person
in green second person
in blue third person.


click and you will see all simple past plural of verbs:

in yellow first person
in green second person
in blue third person.



Let us put all endings one table (these endings will be be further symbolized
as Ās):

singular

plural

1-to

-ǒm

-ǎm

2-to

-ǎn

-en

3-to

-ǎs

-e

Many vernaculars have a "pure" vowel (non-preyoticized, viz without ćiriklo):

singular

plural

1-to

-om

-am

2-to

-an

-en

3-to

-as

-e


ZU Click to exercise >>

Today's topic 2 >>

The definite article in Rromani
You noticed that a very short particle stands in front of many nouns, like o piàci, e lala or e ćhaven at the beginning of this padmad. It is a definite article, equivalent to English the (the market, the aunt, the children); yet unlike the English it has various forms. Take a piece of paper, make three columns: singular masculine, singular feminine and plural (both genders) and go back to the beginning of the first padmad of the course to sort into the three afore mentionned columns all the nouns which are preceded by the definite article o or e (for the time being disregard the two occurrences e ćhaven and e Marika).
You can do the same exercice on line (ZU - the first letter of each noun is indicated to help you) but writing by hand the words is also great to memorize them. Be it as it may, you have collected the following set of absolute forms for the definite article:

singular masc.

singular fem.

plural both genders

o

e

o