e Tamàra- ¿Kolombìri kames?
e lala- Te avile o ćhavorre amença, śaj vàzden jekh gono patàti, 10 kìli. Taj nakhas k-o gavutno te las thud, khil taj kǐral. Si jekh něvo, sòfora anel but laćho kiral.
e Tamàra- ¿O avera kherutne, sar o lon, o gulǎrno, o morǎ hi tut?
e lala- Va, lon hi man, paleś śukar òvla te las jekh gonorro. Agordinǒl sig o lon. Gulǎrno hi. Morǎ amen na xas but, laćhe hi tade maseça, sadeça – nùma na xas but kasavo. Amen, o mas, xas les peko ja rroj, zumi, na tado sado.
e Tamàra- Zet?
e lala- E salataqe, va. Aćhile trin śtar rroja and-e glàźa, musaj te kinas, zetujenqo zet.
e Tamàra- Vov hi o ćaćo zet, e zetenqo thagar...
e lala- Va, sumnakuno zet hi... Paleś śukar hi vi e kolzaqo.
e Tamàra- A o mas?
e lala- O mas, sa kadala muja, hi te las gurvano – jekh baro kotor, te pekav and-o bov – duj trinvar te xas. Las vi jekh aver khanǐ te ovel amen rezèrva. Ko ʒanel ko śaj avel? Śukar te arakhas goja jale te pekas len kolombirença.
e Tamàra- Va, taj me andǒm tumenqe śuke goja thuvǎrde, so kerel amaro paśatuno k-e Bìstrica. Hi vi jekh kotor ćamb taj thulevas e kakosqe, ʒanav so ćalǒl lesqe – hi opre and-o gono.
e lala- Dikh, avel o briśind, av te kìdas o gada te na kingǒn taj sigǎras te kinas...
e Tamàra- Pùrri, śaxa, morkoja, śpanàki, brokoli ¿na les?
e lala- O śpanàki hi but kuć akanak: les duj kìli a iklǒl tuqe burral jekh muśtek xaben. Haj uśtǐ ćhej, uśtǐ te kidas o gada. Le e tamles zèleno balai, e plastikosqi. Me kìdav so śaj anda kadi bradǐ...
Today's topic >>
Click here to highlight a series of nouns denoting things (including a hen, probably gutted, thus also an object) >>These things UNDERGO the action expressed by the verb: lav jekh lil, kerav e lìsta, andǒm sira etc... Whereas in such a fonction nouns denoting humans and other mammals are in the B-ćham, note that nouns denoting things are all in the A-ćham, just as if they were subject of the clause. In addition, all nouns after prepositions (such as kathar- from, k- at, p- on, pal- after and all others) are also in the A-ćham. The whole situation may be summarized as follows:
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Function
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Humans & mammals
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Things & ideas
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Doing the action (subject)
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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After preposition
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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Undergoing the action (object)
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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Linked to a postposition
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B-ćham
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B-ćham
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or from another perspective:
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Humans and mammals
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Things and ideas
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direct construction
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subject
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object
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subject
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object
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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A-ćham
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indirect construction
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after prep.
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with post.
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after prep.
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with post.
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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A-ćham
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B-ćham
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The same situation exists in North Indian languages.
Accordingly, the B-ćham of things and ideas occur ONLY linked to postpositions and NEVER by themselves. When such a form is quoted teaching or linguistic purpose, it is followed by a tilde indicating this limitation; thus the B-ćham of amal is quoted as amales, but the B-ćham of lil will be liles~ (in dictionaries also).
As far a non-mammals are concerned (from ants to birds), they are treated variously depending on the local vernacular: either like superior animals, either like things – we have the same kind of variation exist in North Indian languages, fluctuating between the East and the West.
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The expression of quantity is put as a rule in Rromani in the A-ćham:
jekh gono phabaja, duj taxtaja pai, jekh kotor lil, trin śere śax.
