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Superdial. O mutaciaça

2-to padmad video

o Olivèri- Taj mukh man akanak te pućhav tut… Na pakǎv te beśes and-amaro foro.
e Tamàra- Na, athe na beśav, avilǒm odolesqe so o aver kurko hi amen biav. Amaro kàko lel borǎ pesqe ćhavesqe taj but manuśa hi akharde.
o Olivèri- Miśto avilǎn and-o foro amaro, ćhej!e!
e Tamàra- Miśto arakhlǒm tut, Kako!
o Olivèri- Na phendǎn manqe sar bućhǒs ? Kathar han ? Kasqi ćhej han ? Me, te ʒanes, bućhovav Olivèri.
e Tamàra- Te phiraves tǒ anav sasto vesto! Me hom e Tamàra. Akharen man Màra. Morro dad hi o Vlàdo, andar-o Gaborèśti, taj morro pàpu o Ràjko, phuro Rrom kathar-e Bìstrica.
o Olivèri- Hatǎrav: e Marìka taj tu, sol duj kathar-e Bìstrica han tumen ?
e Tamàra- Va, sol duj othar ham, sol duj ham paśatunǎ taj laćhe amalinǎ.
o Olivèri- Sosqe amalǐnǎ han kana ròdes la athe taj na ʒanes kaj hi laqo kher…
e Tamàra- Ʒanàvas laqi adrèsa nùma duj berś na avilǒm taj bisterdǒm la…
o Olivèri- Akhar la k-o telefòno, vaj bićhav laqe SMS.
e Tamàra- Kamav te kerav laqe surprìza...
o Olivèri- Na aćhilǎs tuqe aver te keres, nùma te aves paleś luine…
e Tamàra- Te dikhlǎn la, na phen laqe ke ròdav la.
o Olivèri- Na phenav khànći, na xa xolǐ! Ćiao!
e Tamàra- Haj, ćiao, dikhas amen!

Today's topic 1 >>

copula (= "to be") > present > singular
click and you will see all present plural of the copula:

in yellow first person We are
in green second person you (-guys) are
in blue third person they are.


You know now all present forms of the copula:

singular

plural

1-to

hom

ham

2-to

han

3-to

hi

Check in GRthe forms existing in the three other Rromani dialect. The third persons has a form of insistance (emphatic form) which adds to hi another form of the copula, namely lo (masc. sing), (fem. sing.) and le (plural), giving the forms hi lo, hi lǐ and hi le (s/he is indeed, they are indeed).

Today's topic 2 >>

verb > E-class > simple past > singular
click and you will see the two first persons of the simple past singular of verbs:

in yellow first person
in green second person

Remember these endings: -ǒm, -ǎn.


ZU Click to exercise to cross-complete other singular forms of the past. >>

More >>

You met here new verbs; try the same exercice as in padmad 1 with ʒanes, phiraves but don't do it with pakǎv and xa!!!

Note also that in modern speech, the group àva is pronounced now as a long [ō]: ʒanàvas is therefore pronounced [ʑanōs] (this is a result of a Hungarian influence; cf. ló/lavak, hó/havak etc.). More about this phenomenon in on-coming padmadǎ.