i Bibi- Vi ćaćes, si len and-o rat pakǎv... Meren te oven urǎvde, laćharde, morravde, xande ʒi k-o palutno bal...
T- Ami tu, na sinan vi tu andar jekh rat lençar? ¿Phires tu and-o foro biurǎvdi sar kuklin, bilaćhardi, bixandi aj vi bimakhli? Sar śaj kuśes len? A palem ćaćes: o kuślo kuśel tut avdives...
i Bibi- Na kuśav len, me ʒuvli sinom... Aver si i ʒuvli, aver si o murś... Sar te ovel, kerav sar kamav, nane te pućhav tumen. Aj nane te beśas akate sorro dives. Phendǒm tumenqe so o śudarno si ćhućho, si te pheras les kaj te ovel pherdo...
T- Kaj kames te ʒas angleder avdives: k-o xaben ja te ʒas te kinas tiraxa e ćhavenqe? Te kamlǎn, ʒas k-o Letapokin: isi vi xaben aj vi tiraxa aj gada.
i Bibi- Na, xaben kinav k-o pazàri, phendǒm tuqe, aj k-o Letapokin nanaj laćho mangin, si sa katar-i Kìna: avdives kindo, tasiàra ja over pharravdo... Na sinom odobor barvali, kaj te kinav bikuć.
T- Aj vi tu aćhilǎn palal! Sa si avdives kerdo te na ʒivel but aj te kines palem aj palem... Kin kaj te kames, naśti pinʒares so si laćho, so si devruś.
i Bibi- Palem, si man pinʒardo gaʒo, o tiraxno pal-i khangeri, si but berś so bikinel manqe laćhe tiraxa, śuźe, zorale, bixoxavde, sar kamav me.
T- Mi kamli bibi, ʒives anda jekh aver sundal. Akana sa ʒal tar, urǎl, pft naśel sar i balval... aj vi sigeder...
Today's topic 1 >>
verb > PPP
E-class verbs generate a specific form, called verbal pivot, with very extensive fonctions in Rromani.
Click here to highlight the verbal pivots in today's text >>The main function of this form is the equivalent of English participle:
kinel to buy > kindo bought
dikhel to see > dikhlo seen.
Note that there is no infinitive (the English to-form) in Rromani and that the "quoting (or dictionary) form" of the verb is the 3rd person singular of its present tense.
The verbal pivot is coined in the following way:
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state of the verb
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d after verb stems
ending in -r, -n, -v, -l
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ending of the buxlo type adjective
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l after verb stems
ending in -s, -ś, -m, -ć, -ćh, -k, -kh
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Only two verbs have an irregular pivot in -t: sovel to sleep > suto asleep and ćhivel to put, to place > ćhito, alternative to regular ćhivdo put, placed.
Switch to the exercice on ZU and form as many verbal pivots as you can! >>
Note that the verbal pivot may be used as a noun: o kuślo the one who is/has been blamed, i kamli the beloved (female), duj ćalavde two persons who are struck (and therefore stupid).
Today's topic 2 >>
The negative prefix bi-
a) it can be used with a handfull of adjectives to express their contrary:
laćho good > bilaćho bad
kuć expensive (sometimes dear; late, deceased among Sinte) > bikuć cheap
xor deep > bixor shallow
uźo pure (of water, flour) > biuźo impure (also an euphemism for Beng the Devil).
b) it is very often used with verbal pivots to express their contrary:
morravel to shave > morravdo shaved > bimorravdo unshaved
xanel to comb > xando combed > bixando not combed (rather than uncombed)
urǎvel to dress > urǎvdo dressed > biurǎvdo not dressed (rather than undressed)
kamel to want, to love > kamlo beloved > bikamlo unwanted, disliked.
Idioms and proverbs >>
The proverb o kuślo kuśel tut avdives means that persons doing wrong are [today] the first ones to blame others.
Si len and-o rat & andar jekh rat lençar : the word rat blood is used colloquially and metaphorically for (extended) family, tribe, nation, atavism or race in its trivial meaning, whereas the word ràsa is used in a political context for the last meaning.
